# 五下③：正在发生什么——现在进行时

> 5年级·下册/阶段；建议分2—4次完成。先独立作答，再核对；能看懂不等于能独立写对。

## 学习目标

- **P30.1** 用am/is/are＋动词-ing描述图文设定中正在进行的动作
- **P30.2** 掌握-ing常见拼写并进行否定、一般疑问和what问句转换
- **P30.3** 区分now提示的当前动作与usually提示的日常习惯

### 先备与学习方法

前课：en-primary-05b-02。先看例子，再遮住答案写出自己的句子。手写时保留空格；不会的词可先查本课词库，复测时不查。

## 词汇与用法

| 词/短语 | 意义 | 用法提醒 |
|---|---|---|
| now | 现在 | 常见当前动作提示 |
| listen | 听 | 本课只学词义，不布置听力任务 |
| sleep | 睡觉 | sleeping |
| walk | 走路 | walking |
| climb | 攀爬 | climbing |
| fly | 飞 | flying |
| jump | 跳 | jumping |
| run | 跑 | running |
| swim | 游泳 | swimming |
| make | 制作 | making |
| take | 拿；拍摄等 | taking |
| write | 写 | writing |
| read | 阅读 | reading |
| play | 玩；打球；演奏 | playing |
| wait | 等待 | waiting |
| look for | 寻找 | look for my cap |
| each other | 互相 | help each other |

## 核心讲解

现在进行时的两部分缺一不可：主语＋am/is/are＋动词-ing。I am reading. / She is reading. / They are reading.。不能只写She reading，也不能写She is read。

-ing拼写：多数直接加，play→playing；常见不发音e结尾去e，make→making、write→writing（see→seeing不是此类）；一个重读闭音节、末尾单个辅音且前面单个元音的常见词双写，如run→running、swim→swimming。小学先记本课高频实例，不乱给所有词双写。fly→flying，不能套用第三人称studies的规则写fliing。

否定在be后加not：She isn't reading.；问句把be提前：Is she reading?；问正在做什么：What is she doing?，答She is reading.。简答Yes, she is.，不需重复reading。

比较：She usually reads after school.是习惯；She is reading now.是正在进行。同一人物可以拥有习惯，又在此刻做另一件事，不是互相矛盾。

## 例题解析

**例1：**They __ (swim) now. 主语they选are，swim双写m＋ing，完整填are swimming。

**例2：**把Ben is making a card.改what问句：What is Ben doing?。问的是动作，不用What does Ben do?，后者可问职业/习惯。

## 原创阅读

It is four o’clock. The pupils are in the park. Mei usually reads at this time, but today she is drawing a tree. Ben is running near the lake. Two birds are flying above the trees. Sam is not playing football. He is looking for his cap. His friends are helping him.

词义支架：at this time＝在这个时刻；today＝今天。

## 练习

计分说明：普通学习课最后一题为书面表达，按后附4分量表单独记录；此前每个编号1分，多空/多问在该题内均分。客观题正确率分母为末题前的编号总数。累积检查另按其20分说明计分。

1. 写-ing形式：play, make, write, run, swim, fly。

2. 填完整结构：I __ (read) now.

3. 填完整结构：They __ (walk) in the park now.

4. 把She is sleeping.改否定。

5. 把He is drawing.改一般疑问句。

6. 就动作提问：They are making cards.

7. 选择reads/is reading：She usually __ after dinner.

8. Mei通常此时做什么？今天正在做什么？

9. Sam在踢足球吗？他在做什么？

10. 鸟在树的上方还是树上接触树枝？原文能支持哪一项？

11. 写5句描述一个虚构“现在”场景，三个人/动物各有动作，另有一个否定句和一个一般疑问句。

## 参考答案与解析

1. playing, making, writing, running, swimming, flying。

2. am reading。be与-ing缺一不可。

3. are walking。they搭配are。

4. She is not sleeping. / She isn’t sleeping.

5. Is he drawing?

6. What are they doing?

7. reads。usually在此表习惯。

8. 通常阅读；今天正在画树。

9. No, he isn’t. He is looking for his cap.

10. above支持在上方飞行，不支持停在枝上。不能把above误读为on。

11. 例：Mei is drawing now. Ben is running. The birds are flying. Sam is not playing football. Is he looking for his cap? 明确当前动作，最后问句也须保持进行时。

## 写作示范与自评

**任务（与第11题一致）：**写5句描述一个虚构“现在”场景，三个人/动物各有动作，另有一个否定句和一个一般疑问句。

**参考与说明：**例：Mei is drawing now. Ben is running. The birds are flying. Sam is not playing football. Is he looking for his cap? 明确当前动作，最后问句也须保持进行时。

**书面表达4分量表：**任务完成1分（须满足题目全部信息及句数要求）；句子结构1分（主语、动词及语序）；词形用词1分（目标词汇、单复数等）；规范书写1分（大小写、空格、标点）。各项部分达成可给0.5分。开放信息允许合理变化，不要求逐字照抄。

## 复习与达标

隔一天遮住原文重做错题，再换人物或物品写两句新句子。客观题达到80%后进入下一课；追求95%须用未见过的同知识点题复测，并由教师或家长按本课要求检查书面表达。这是本站练习目标，不是学校考试成绩保证。