# 六下③：过去经历——不规则动词与did问答

> 6年级·下册/阶段；建议分2—4次完成。先独立作答，再核对；能看懂不等于能独立写对。

## 学习目标

- **P40.1** 在常见经历中使用高频不规则过去式并配合明确时间
- **P40.2** 用did/did not＋原形构成过去疑问和否定，区别was/were句
- **P40.3** 从叙事中梳理事件顺序、人物感受与事实依据

### 先备与学习方法

前课：en-primary-06b-02。先看例子，再遮住答案写出自己的句子。手写时保留空格；不会的词可先查本课词库，复测时不查。

## 词汇与用法

| 词/短语 | 意义 | 用法提醒 |
|---|---|---|
| went | 去了 | go→went |
| ate | 吃了 | eat→ate |
| saw | 看见了 | see→saw |
| had | 有；吃等过去式 | have→had |
| did | 做了；过去助动词 | do→did |
| read | 读了 | 过去式拼写同原形，读法不同；此处不测发音 |
| rode | 骑了 | ride→rode |
| bought | 买了 | buy→bought |
| took | 拿了；拍摄了 | take→took |
| felt | 感觉到 | feel→felt |
| got | 得到；到达等 | get→got |
| slept | 睡了 | sleep→slept |
| ran | 跑了 | run→ran |
| drank | 喝了 | drink→drank |
| came | 来了 | come→came |
| made | 制作了 | make→made |
| lost | 丢失了 | lose→lost |
| wrote | 写了 | write→wrote |
| interesting | 有趣的 | 描述事物 |
| ago | 以前 | two years ago |

## 核心讲解

不规则过去式不能靠加-ed猜：go→went、eat→ate、see→saw、take→took等。本课词库提供完整配对；按“原形—过去式—原创短句”练，不只背中文意思。read过去与原形拼写相同，靠时间语境识别；本课不考读音。

实义动词过去否定：I did not go. / I didn't go.；疑问Did you go?。did出现后，go用原形，不写didn't went或Did you went?。问动作What did you do?；问地点Where did you go?；问出行方式How did you get there?。回答一般用过去式。

be过去句不加did：Were you tired? / I wasn't tired.，不是Did you were tired?。辨别句中核心动词：是“状态be”还是“实义动作”。

叙事连词before/after决定顺序；不能按题目中事件的排列顺序猜。理由只取原文提供的信息，合理猜测也应标为推断而非已知事实。

## 例题解析

**例1：**She bought a book. → Did she buy a book?。did承担过去形式，bought恢复buy。

**例2：**“我昨天没有去公园”：I didn't go to the park yesterday.；若问“昨天你在公园吗”，则Were you in the park yesterday?。动作去和状态在不同。

## 原创阅读

Last month, Lin went to a small town with her family. They took a train in the morning. After they arrived, they walked to an old bridge. Lin took photos and her brother drew a picture. At noon, they ate noodles in a small restaurant. Lin bought a postcard for her grandmother. In the afternoon, it rained, so they did not ride bikes. They went to a museum instead. Lin felt tired on the way home, but she wrote, “A change of plan can bring something interesting.”

词义支架：arrived＝到达；drew＝draw的过去式；restaurant＝餐馆；postcard＝明信片；instead＝代替原计划。

## 练习

计分说明：普通学习课最后一题为书面表达，按后附4分量表单独记录；此前每个编号1分，多空/多问在该题内均分。客观题正确率分母为末题前的编号总数。累积检查另按其20分说明计分。

1. 写过去式：go, eat, see, buy, take, feel。

2. 写原形：rode, drank, made, wrote。

3. 把She went to the park.改否定。

4. 把They bought postcards.改一般疑问句。

5. 就地点提问：He went to a museum.

6. 改错：Did you were tired yesterday?

7. 填形式：What did she __ (eat)? She __ (eat) rice.

8. 一家人乘什么到小镇？先到老桥还是先吃午饭？

9. Lin买了什么、给谁？

10. 下午计划为什么变化？实际做了什么？

11. 写60—80词一次真实或虚构过去经历，包含时间、地点、交通、三项动作、一个didn’t否定和感受。

## 参考答案与解析

1. went, ate, saw, bought, took, felt。

2. ride, drink, make, write。

3. She did not go to the park. / She didn’t go to the park.

4. Did they buy postcards?

5. Where did he go?

6. Were you tired yesterday? be过去问句不用did。

7. eat；ate。问句did后原形，答句肯定过去式。

8. By train；先老桥后午饭。after they arrived到桥，at noon才吃饭。

9. A postcard for her grandmother.

10. 因为下雨；没有骑车，改去博物馆。

11. 示例：Last Saturday, I went to a village with my cousin. We went there by bus in the morning. First, we saw some old houses. Then we took photos of a bridge and ate lunch near the river. We did not swim because the water was deep. In the afternoon, we visited a small museum. I felt tired but happy, and I wrote about the trip at home. 时间地点、交通、动作、否定、感受均有证据。

## 写作示范与自评

**任务（与第11题一致）：**写60—80词一次真实或虚构过去经历，包含时间、地点、交通、三项动作、一个didn’t否定和感受。

**参考与说明：**示例：Last Saturday, I went to a village with my cousin. We went there by bus in the morning. First, we saw some old houses. Then we took photos of a bridge and ate lunch near the river. We did not swim because the water was deep. In the afternoon, we visited a small museum. I felt tired but happy, and I wrote about the trip at home. 时间地点、交通、动作、否定、感受均有证据。

**书面表达4分量表：**任务完成1分（须满足题目全部信息及句数要求）；句子结构1分（主语、动词及语序）；词形用词1分（目标词汇、单复数等）；规范书写1分（大小写、空格、标点）。各项部分达成可给0.5分。开放信息允许合理变化，不要求逐字照抄。

## 复习与达标

隔一天遮住原文重做错题，再换人物或物品写两句新句子。客观题达到80%后进入下一课；追求95%须用未见过的同知识点题复测，并由教师或家长按本课要求检查书面表达。这是本站练习目标，不是学校考试成绩保证。