七至九年级原创英语读写课程 · 8年级上学期 · 第5课
适用与边界:按初中知识依赖循序推进,不冒充学校教材的精确单元顺序。全部短文、情境、题目为自编,不含听力。文中的80与95是本课程练习目标,不是中考分数承诺。
学习目标
- 正确使用as...as、not as...as与比较级修饰。
- 使用the比较级...the比较级及越来越结构。
- 读取比较范围、否定与数据,避免不对等比较。
核心讲解
比较的对象 范围 维度都要一致
A is as tall as B表示身高相同,as之间用原级。A is not as/so tall as B表示A不及B高,可转为B is taller than A。比较的是某一维度,不意味着B在所有方面更好。
比较级前可加much、a lot、far、a little、even:a little faster;不能very faster。越来越:colder and colder;more and more useful,长词不能more useful and more useful作为本课目标模式。the+比较级...the+比较级表示关联:The more carefully you check, the fewer mistakes you may make。这个句型表达一般关系,不自动保证因果或零错误。
最高级常有范围,one of the+最高级+复数名词:one of the most useful tools。the second longest river为第二长。than any other+单数名词强调在同一范围内比任何其他一个都更...;若比较对象不属于该范围,则用than any...,写作不熟悉时可直接用最高级避免绕错。
同类比较用代替词:The weather here is warmer than that in the mountains;the books here are newer than those on that shelf。不要拿天气与“山”本身比。表格信息要看单位与条件:30元/本与20元/两本不能只比较30和20。决策段落先列标准,再给证据,最后承认必要限制。
本课词汇与搭配
词义按本课语境给出;同一词可能还有其他含义。先遮住中文回忆,再把搭配写入自己的句子,不只抄单词。
| 词或短语 | 本课意思 | 常用搭配或用法 |
|---|---|---|
| compare | 比较 | compare A with B |
| standard | 标准 | set a standard |
| quality | 质量 | good quality |
| value | 价值 | good value |
| convenient | 方便的 | a convenient route |
| comfortable | 舒适的 | a comfortable seat |
| confident | 自信的 | become more confident |
| similar | 相似的 | be similar to |
| different | 不同的 | be different from |
| advantage | 优势 | an advantage of |
主题阅读与词汇扩展 体育比较与公平规则
以下为同课主题拓展的已讲词条,每条包含本课释义、搭配和原创例句。可遮中文回忆,再改写一个例句;不是要求一次背完,也不冒充官方完整词表。
| 词或表达 | 本课意思 | 搭配 | 原创例句 |
|---|---|---|---|
| athlete | 运动员 | a young athlete | Each athlete follows the same rules. |
| match | 比赛 | a friendly match | We played a friendly match after school. |
| race | 赛跑 比赛 | a relay race | The class prepared for a relay race. |
| score | 分数 得分 | keep the score | A volunteer keeps the score. |
| compete | 竞争 参赛 | compete fairly | Teams should compete fairly. |
| competition | 比赛 竞争 | a school competition | The competition includes different events. |
| opponent | 对手 | respect an opponent | Respecting an opponent matters after the game. |
| medal | 奖牌 | win a medal | Winning a medal is not the only useful result. |
| training | 训练 | regular training | The plan includes training and rest. |
| fair play | 公平竞赛 | show fair play | The players showed fair play by correcting a mistake. |
选读脚手架:这段主题阅读用于在语境中复现词汇,不要求初次学习就独立认出所有词。先读后面的中文问题,再找谁、做什么、为什么;未列入词表的难词可查阅或请教师解释,不因出现过一次就计作已掌握。
原创主题短文
Two teams finished a relay with almost the same time. One team first appeared to win, but its captain noticed that the recorder had copied a number incorrectly. She asked for the record to be checked even though the correction might change the result. After the review, her team placed second. The coach praised the captain for protecting fair play. A faster time matters in a race, but an accurate result matters to both teams.
读写示范问题:队长的行动如何体现体育价值,而不只是成绩比较?
证据解析与迁移:她主动纠正可能损害自身名次的记录,维护双方公平;文本用实际选择支持fair play。可比较faster/second,但不从名次推出团队人格更差。
以上是有解析的教学示范,不另计入独立编号练习;计分任务总数见练习区。
例题解析
例1:This bag is as ___ (light) as that one。as...as夹原级light,不用lighter。
例2:The more you practise, the ___ (confident) you become。后段也为比较级,填more confident。
例3:Book A costs 30 yuan for 150 pages; Book B costs 20 yuan for 80 pages。若只问总价便宜,B;若问每页价格更低,A(0.20与0.25)。先读比较标准,不额外假定哪本内容更好。
练习
作答要求:除填写答案或写句子外,非写作题均补一句简短理由或原文依据;答案中说明/依据的分数正用于这一步。开放写作按所列量表评分,不必另写语法理由。
共10个编号任务,每题10分,总分100分;一题多空按答案分项给分。第1—8题为基础区80分,目标至少64/80并订正错因;第9—10题为巩固迁移区。冲刺95%以全课得分除以总分计算,至少需95/100,还要求阅读依据可靠、写作切题,不能只背答案。开放题示例不是唯一答案。
1. G8A05-E01
填空:This chair is as ___ (comfortable) as that one.
2. G8A05-E02
改写:A is not as tall as B. 用B开头。
3. G8A05-E03
改错:The plan is very better now.
4. G8A05-E04
填空:The days are getting ___ and ___ (short).
5. G8A05-E05
填空:This is one of the most useful ___ (tool).
6. G8A05-E06
补全:The harder you work, ___ (越多) you learn.
7. G8A05-E07
改错:The weather here is warmer than the mountain.
8. G8A05-E08
写“第二长的河流”,只需名词短语。
9. G8A05-E09
数据:A公交10元/40分钟;B地铁15元/25分钟;C步行免费/70分钟。对“必须30分钟内到达且预算20元”的人哪种满足?为何不能只选最便宜?
10. G8A05-E10
写80词左右比较两种学习方法(独学与合作),列两个维度并给有条件的选择,不写绝对结论。
参考答案与解析 · 完成练习后展开
参考答案与解析
1. G8A05-E01 答案
comfortable。as...as之间用原级。形式6分,规则4分。
2. G8A05-E02 答案
B is taller than A. 否定同级比较转为反向比较级。意思6分,结构4分。
3. G8A05-E03 答案
The plan is much/a lot/far better now. 比较级可用much等修饰,不用very。修改7分,解释3分。
4. G8A05-E04 答案
shorter;shorter。比较级重复表示越来越。形式6分,意义4分。
5. G8A05-E05 答案
tools。one of后表示某个群体中的一个,名词复数。形式6分,说明4分。
6. G8A05-E06 答案
the more。两部分都用the+比较级。形式6分,结构说明4分。
7. G8A05-E07 答案
The weather here is warmer than that in the mountains. 天气要与山区天气相比;that替weather。修改6分,同类说明4分。
8. G8A05-E08 答案
the second longest river。序数词+最高级+单数名词。形式8分,顺序说明2分。
9. G8A05-E09 答案
B满足时间25≤30、费用15≤20;C虽免费但70分钟超限,A也超时。选择3分,两项限制4分,反驳只看价格3分。
10. G8A05-E10 答案
示例:Studying alone is quieter, so I can read a difficult text at my own speed. Group study is more useful when I need different ideas or an explanation. However, a group can waste time if nobody prepares. I prefer to read alone first and then discuss two difficult questions with a partner. This plan gives me time to think and a chance to check my understanding. The better choice depends on the task. 内容4分,比较与条件准确4分,证据和限定2分。
学习证据与复习
基础区低于64分:返回本课核心讲解,给每个错误贴上“词义、句法、时间、证据、表达”之一,再不看答案重做。达到基础目标:隔两天用不同主语或情境重新造句。冲刺95:将第9题的证据位置和第10题的修改理由写出来;不要把一次满分当成迁移能力。
前置复习:上一课。
课程定位参考:人民教育出版社新版初中英语教材介绍。仅用于教材背景,不表示出版社审核或认可本课程。