七至九年级原创英语读写课程 · 8年级上学期 · 第4课
适用与边界：按初中知识依赖循序推进，不冒充学校教材的精确单元顺序。全部短文、情境、题目为自编，不含听力。文中的80与95是本课程练习目标，不是中考分数承诺。
学习目标
- 区分谓语与非谓语，避免多个动词原形直接堆叠。
- 使用常见to do/doing结构及目的表达。
- 辨别stop、remember等结构改变带来的意义变化。
核心讲解
第二个动作需要合适的连接方式
I want learn English错误。want是谓语，后面的“学习”作为想做的事要用to learn。to do是不定式，doing可作动名词；它们通常不单独承担时态与主谓一致。We decided to leave中的decided承担过去时，to leave不再变成to left。
常见to do：want/hope/plan/decide/agree/learn to do；常见doing：enjoy/finish/mind/practise/avoid doing。介词后若接动作通常用doing：be good at drawing，look forward to meeting；这里to是介词，不是所有to后都接原形。like/love可接doing或to do，在许多基础语境都成立。
不定式表目的：We went to the library to find a map。作主语可用Reading is useful或To read...，也可用形式主语It is useful to read。ask/tell/want sb to do，否定tell sb not to do；make/let sb do在主动结构省to；help sb (to) do两种均常见。
stop doing停止正在做的事；stop to do停下原来的事以便做另一事。remember to do记得去做未做的事；remember doing记得做过。try to do努力做，try doing试用某方法。理解结构必须回到动作先后，不能把to和ing当无意义变体。
本课词汇与搭配
词义按本课语境给出；同一词可能还有其他含义。先遮住中文回忆，再把搭配写入自己的句子，不只抄单词。
| 词或短语 | 本课意思 | 常用搭配或用法 |
|---|---|---|
| decide | 决定 | decide to do |
| agree | 同意 | agree to do |
| avoid | 避免 | avoid doing |
| practise | 练习 | practise writing |
| mind | 介意 | mind opening |
| expect | 期待 | expect to do |
| purpose | 目的 | to show purpose |
| remember | 记得 | remember to do |
| forget | 忘记 | forget to do |
| look forward to | 期待 | look forward to meeting |
主题阅读与词汇扩展 职业兴趣与学习目标
以下为同课主题拓展的已讲词条，每条包含本课释义、搭配和原创例句。可遮中文回忆，再改写一个例句；不是要求一次背完，也不冒充官方完整词表。
| 词或表达 | 本课意思 | 搭配 | 原创例句 |
|---|---|---|---|
| engineer | 工程师 | a civil engineer | An engineer designs and checks a bridge plan. |
| scientist | 科学家 | a young scientist | The fictional scientist records each test. |
| designer | 设计师 | a product designer | The designer asks how people use a tool. |
| pilot | 飞行员 | train as a pilot | The character hopes to train as a pilot. |
| astronaut | 航天员 | an astronaut's work | The article describes an astronaut's preparation. |
| nurse | 护士 | work as a nurse | Her aunt works as a nurse. |
| manager | 管理人员 | a project manager | The project manager checks the schedule. |
| farmer | 农民 | a local farmer | A farmer explains the work on the farm. |
| career | 职业生涯 | explore a career | Students can explore different careers. |
| profession | 职业 | choose a profession | Choosing a profession takes information and reflection. |
选读脚手架：这段主题阅读用于在语境中复现词汇，不要求初次学习就独立认出所有词。先读后面的中文问题，再找谁、做什么、为什么；未列入词表的难词可查阅或请教师解释，不因出现过一次就计作已掌握。
原创主题短文
A career display asks students to connect an interest with a real task. Mei likes drawing, so she first chooses “designer”. Then she learns that a designer also needs to ask questions, revise plans and explain decisions. Tao is interested in science, but he is still exploring several professions. Their teacher does not ask them to make a permanent choice. The goal is to notice what they enjoy learning and what skills they need to practise next.
读写示范问题：职业兴趣能否仅由一个爱好直接决定？把一个目标写成to do/doing搭配。
证据解析与迁移：不能，设计还包括提问、修改、解释等工作；当前探索不要求永久决定。示例I hope to learn how to explain a design；I enjoy solving practical problems。用hope to do/enjoy doing体现结构。
以上是有解析的教学示范，不另计入独立编号练习；计分任务总数见练习区。
例题解析
例1：We enjoyed ___ (make) a model。enjoy后接doing，填making；make去e。
例2：The teacher asked us ___ (not run)。ask sb not to do，填not to run，not放to前。
例3：He stopped to drink some water。停下的是原先的活动，喝水是目的；He stopped drinking water则是不再喝水，含义不同。
练习
作答要求：除填写答案或写句子外，非写作题均补一句简短理由或原文依据；答案中说明/依据的分数正用于这一步。开放写作按所列量表评分，不必另写语法理由。
共10个编号任务，每题10分，总分100分；一题多空按答案分项给分。第1—8题为基础区80分，目标至少64/80并订正错因；第9—10题为巩固迁移区。冲刺95%以全课得分除以总分计算，至少需95/100，还要求阅读依据可靠、写作切题，不能只背答案。开放题示例不是唯一答案。
1. G8A04-E01
填空：I hope ___ (visit) the science centre.
2. G8A04-E02
填空：She finished ___ (write) the letter.
3. G8A04-E03
改错：We look forward to see you.
4. G8A04-E04
填空：Our teacher told us ___ (not touch) the model.
5. G8A04-E05
合并表示目的：We went to the station. We wanted to meet our guest.
6. G8A04-E06
填空：My parents let me ___ (choose) my own book.
7. G8A04-E07
区分stop talking与stop to talk。
8. G8A04-E08
选形式：Remember ___ (lock) the door before you leave. 尚未离开。
9. G8A04-E09
阅读：At first I tried to lift the box alone, but it was too heavy. Then I tried moving it with a small cart. That worked. 两个tried表达什么不同？成功的是哪个办法？
10. G8A04-E10
写70词左右学英语计划，正确使用至少3个不同的to do/doing搭配，并写一个目的不定式。
参考答案与解析 · 完成练习后展开
参考答案与解析
1. G8A04-E01 答案
to visit。hope后常接不定式，不写hope visiting。形式6分，搭配4分。
2. G8A04-E02 答案
writing。finish后接doing；write去e。形式6分，说明4分。
3. G8A04-E03 答案
We look forward to seeing you. 此to为介词，后接doing。修改6分，结构解释4分。
4. G8A04-E04 答案
not to touch。tell sb not to do，否定置于to前。形式6分，说明4分。
5. G8A04-E05 答案
We went to the station to meet our guest. 不定式说明目的，避免再堆wanted。结构8分，解释2分。
6. G8A04-E06 答案
choose。let sb do主动结构后用不带to的原形。形式6分，搭配4分。
7. G8A04-E07 答案
stop talking停止讲话；stop to talk停下手上其他活动来讲话。每个含义5分，必须体现动作不同。
8. G8A04-E08 答案
to lock。提醒将要完成的动作，用remember to do。形式6分，时间关系4分。
9. G8A04-E09 答案
tried to lift表示努力尝试抬起但未成功；tried moving表示试用推车搬运的方法，且That worked表明该方法奏效。每个结构意义3分，成功办法与依据4分。
10. G8A04-E10 答案
示例：I plan to read a short article every two days. I enjoy writing down useful phrases, but I sometimes forget to review them. To solve this problem, I will keep a small review calendar. I also want to practise explaining one paragraph in simple English. My friend has agreed to check my sentences, and I look forward to learning with her. 内容4分，至少三搭配及目的表达4分，计划连贯2分。
学习证据与复习
基础区低于64分：返回本课核心讲解，给每个错误贴上“词义、句法、时间、证据、表达”之一，再不看答案重做。达到基础目标：隔两天用不同主语或情境重新造句。冲刺95：将第9题的证据位置和第10题的修改理由写出来；不要把一次满分当成迁移能力。
前置复习：上一课。
课程定位参考：人民教育出版社新版初中英语教材介绍。仅用于教材背景，不表示出版社审核或认可本课程。