七至九年级原创英语读写课程 · 9年级上学期 · 第4课
适用与边界：按初中知识依赖循序推进，不冒充学校教材的精确单元顺序。全部短文、情境、题目为自编，不含听力。文中的80与95是本课程练习目标，不是中考分数承诺。
学习目标
- 依据句法位置选择名词、形容词、副词或动词形式。
- 区分近义词、易混搭配与常见习语的语境意义。
- 用尊重差异的表达介绍习俗，不把一地经验泛化为全部。
核心讲解
词形题先看空格的工作
a/an/the或物主词后常接名词短语，但中间也可有形容词，须看整个结构：a successful performance中空位若在a后而performance在后，多需successful；She performed successfully修饰动词需副词。decide→decision，invite→invitation，develop→development，different→difference，possible→possibility，succeed→success/successful/successfully，不能只记“加ly”。
常见近义搭配：say强调说的内容；tell sb sth/tell sb to do；speak+语言或speak to sb；talk with/to sb about sth。look强调看动作，see强调看到结果，watch关注持续动态，read文字。join a club，take part in an activity，attend a meeting在常见用法中焦点不同；不把某一搭配当所有语境的绝对唯一答案。
习语是整体意义：give up放弃，put off推迟，look up查找，come up with想出，keep an eye on留意照看，break the ice打破初识的拘谨。代词宾语在可分动副结构中常放中间：look it up；不能look up it。遇习语仍要回语境，不把每次break the ice都当真实破冰。
文化介绍写Many families.../In my family...更精确，除非证据充分，不写All Chinese people always...。传统可以变化，不把“不同”自动当错误。写节日介绍可包括时间、活动、象征意义和自己的体验；不为生动编造所谓官方起源。
本课词汇与搭配
词义按本课语境给出；同一词可能还有其他含义。先遮住中文回忆，再把搭配写入自己的句子，不只抄单词。
| 词或短语 | 本课意思 | 常用搭配或用法 |
|---|---|---|
| culture | 文化 | local culture |
| custom | 习俗 | a family custom |
| tradition | 传统 | keep a tradition |
| celebrate | 庆祝 | celebrate a festival |
| performance | 表演 | a school performance |
| invitation | 邀请函 邀请 | accept an invitation |
| difference | 差异 | respect differences |
| success | 成功 | a great success |
| put off | 推迟 | put off a meeting |
| break the ice | 打破拘谨 | a game to break the ice |
主题阅读与词汇扩展 食物记忆与文化叙事
以下为同课主题拓展的已讲词条，每条包含本课释义、搭配和原创例句。可遮中文回忆，再改写一个例句；不是要求一次背完，也不冒充官方完整词表。
| 词或表达 | 本课意思 | 搭配 | 原创例句 |
|---|---|---|---|
| recipe | 食谱 | a family recipe | The notebook contains a family recipe. |
| flavour | 风味 | a familiar flavour | The familiar flavour brings back a memory. |
| aroma | 香气 | the aroma of bread | The writer describes the aroma of bread. |
| remind | 使想起 | remind someone of | The dish reminds her of a family visit. |
| nostalgia | 怀旧 | a sense of nostalgia | The old photograph creates a sense of nostalgia. |
| inherit | 继承 | inherit a notebook | She inherited a notebook rather than a fixed rule. |
| adapt | 调整 适应 | adapt a recipe | The family adapts the recipe to available ingredients. |
| record | 记录 | record a memory | They record a memory beside the recipe. |
| preserve | 保存 | preserve a story | Writing down the story helps preserve it. |
| version | 版本 | a new version | Each generation adds a new version of the dish. |
选读脚手架：这段主题阅读用于在语境中复现词汇，不要求初次学习就独立认出所有词。先读后面的中文问题，再找谁、做什么、为什么；未列入词表的难词可查阅或请教师解释，不因出现过一次就计作已掌握。
原创主题短文
A handwritten recipe reminds Rui of meals with her grandfather. When she tries to prepare the dish with a family member, one ingredient is unavailable. They adapt the recipe and write down the change. Rui first worries that the new version is less “authentic”. Her grandfather explains that his own recipe changed over time too. The memory lies partly in cooking and sharing together, not only in repeating exact quantities. Rui adds both the old method and the new note to the family notebook.
读写示范问题：记忆为何不只依附完全相同的数量？这与“传统毫无规则”是否等义？
证据解析与迁移：故事强调共同准备分享以及代际调整；这不等于所有规则均无意义，只是这份家庭食谱已有变化。文化叙述可保留多版本而不宣布唯一“真实”方式。
以上是有解析的教学示范，不另计入独立编号练习；计分任务总数见练习区。
例题解析
例1：The performance was a great ___ (succeed)。a great后缺名词，填success。The group performed ___填successfully，修饰performed。
例2：Please ___ me the story。tell sb sth，填tell；say后通常不直接这样接人再接内容。
例3：We played a short game to break the ice before the discussion。讨论前游戏帮助彼此熟悉，break the ice不是破冰工具活动。
练习
作答要求：除填写答案或写句子外，非写作题均补一句简短理由或原文依据；答案中说明/依据的分数正用于这一步。开放写作按所列量表评分，不必另写语法理由。
共10个编号任务，每题10分，总分100分；一题多空按答案分项给分。第1—8题为基础区80分，目标至少64/80并订正错因；第9—10题为巩固迁移区。冲刺95%以全课得分除以总分计算，至少需95/100，还要求阅读依据可靠、写作切题，不能只背答案。开放题示例不是唯一答案。
1. G9A04-E01
填空：The event was a great ___ (succeed).
2. G9A04-E02
填空：They completed the project ___ (successful).
3. G9A04-E03
填空：We received an ___ (invite) yesterday.
4. G9A04-E04
选say/tell：Please ___ us about the custom.
5. G9A04-E05
选join/take part in：She wants to ___ the school art club.
6. G9A04-E06
改错：I don’t know this phrase. I will look up it.
7. G9A04-E07
解释语境习语：The meeting was put off until Friday.
8. G9A04-E08
改写不当泛化：All families celebrate in exactly the same way. 仅知你家和朋友家情况。
9. G9A04-E09
阅读：At the school culture fair, Jun explained his family’s New Year meal. A classmate described a different meal from her hometown. Jun changed his poster from “Everyone eats...” to “In my family, we eat...”. 修改为何更准确？是否说明谁的习俗错误？
10. G9A04-E10
写100—120词邮件向外国笔友介绍一个自家节日活动，包含具体做法、意义、个人经历及差异限定，不编普遍规定。
参考答案与解析 · 完成练习后展开
参考答案与解析
1. G9A04-E01 答案
success。a great后缺名词；successful是形容词。形式6分，词性4分。
2. G9A04-E02 答案
successfully。修饰completed用副词。形式6分，作用4分。
3. G9A04-E03 答案
invitation。an后需要可数单数名词。形式6分，句法4分。
4. G9A04-E04 答案
tell。tell sb about sth，us为接受信息的人。选择6分，搭配4分。
5. G9A04-E05 答案
join。常用join a club表示加入组织。选择6分，搭配4分。
6. G9A04-E06 答案
I will look it up. 可分动副短语宾语为代词时放中间。修改6分，规则4分。
7. G9A04-E07 答案
会议被推迟到周五。put off作为整体“推迟”，until给新的时间界限。意义7分，搭配3分。
8. G9A04-E08 答案
In my family, we celebrate in this way, but other families may have different customs. 或Other families may celebrate differently. 限定证据范围6分，语言4分；不能凭两家证明所有家庭相同。
9. G9A04-E09 答案
修改把范围收回到已知家庭经验，承认不同地区/家庭差异；不表明任何一方习俗错误。准确性4分，文本证据3分，差异态度3分。
10. G9A04-E10 答案
示例：Dear Sam, You asked how my family celebrates the Mid-Autumn Festival. We usually have dinner together and share mooncakes afterwards. My grandfather likes telling stories while we look at the evening sky. Last year, I helped prepare the table and wrote short messages for relatives who could not join us. For us, the meal is a chance to slow down and think about one another. Other families may celebrate differently, and even our plans change with the weather and work schedules. I would love to learn about an occasion that brings your family together. What activity do you enjoy most? Please tell me a little about it. Best wishes, Jun 内容4分，词形搭配及邮件语言4分，具体经历与文化范围2分。
学习证据与复习
基础区低于64分：返回本课核心讲解，给每个错误贴上“词义、句法、时间、证据、表达”之一，再不看答案重做。达到基础目标：隔两天用不同主语或情境重新造句。冲刺95：将第9题的证据位置和第10题的修改理由写出来；不要把一次满分当成迁移能力。
前置复习：上一课。
课程定位参考：人民教育出版社新版初中英语教材介绍。仅用于教材背景，不表示出版社审核或认可本课程。